Childhood eczema's influence on pets: A cause or a barrier?
Pets can bring joy and companionship to many households, but for children with eczema, their presence may pose a challenge. While the role of pets in the development of childhood eczema remains unclear, it is essential to understand the potential risks and precautions.
Contact with animal dander, saliva, and fur can trigger inflammation and itchiness in individuals with eczema. Common household pets, such as cats and dogs, are often a source of potent allergens. The main allergens in cats come from Felis domesticus allergen one (Fel d 1), and in dogs, it is canis familiaris allergen one (Can f 1).
Small animals like rats, mice, hamsters, rabbits, and guinea pigs can also have allergenic potential and may not be suitable for children with eczema due to the risk of developing allergies to their hair or dander. However, pets with no fur or hair, such as reptiles and fish, may be lower risk.
It is important to note that there is currently no truly hypoallergenic cat or dog breed. Some claim that certain cat breeds, such as Siberian, Balinese, and Sphynx, are hypoallergenic, but a 2019 study suggests there is little evidence supporting this claim. Similarly, some people report that dog breeds with wiry hair, like poodles, Yorkshire terriers, bichon frise, Maltese, and schnauzers, may be better for them, but a study found some of these breeds had higher amounts of Can f 1 in their coat than breeds that shed.
For families with pets that may be causing eczema symptoms, there are ways to reduce allergen exposure. Training pets to sit in their own bed or basket, washing pet blankets regularly, and regularly cleaning pet cages, beds, toys, or litter boxes can help minimize the impact of pet allergens.
Children with eczema may still be able to have a pet, but caregivers should consider allergy testing before getting a pet, have the child spend some time with the animal to see how they react, and speak with an allergist or dermatologist for advice. In some cases, immunotherapy may be recommended to help desensitize a child from their pet, especially for those with moderate-to-severe symptoms. In extreme cases, it may be necessary to rehome the pet.
Ultimately, the suitability of a pet for a child with eczema depends on the child's individual response to the animal. Having appointments with a doctor to review skin care regimen and medications may help decrease or prevent symptoms. It is also crucial to remember that the potential benefits of pet ownership, such as emotional support and companionship, should be considered when making decisions about pet ownership for children with eczema.
In conclusion, while the impact of pets on childhood eczema is not fully understood, it is essential to be aware of the potential risks and take necessary precautions to minimize the impact of pet allergens on a child's eczema. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial in making informed decisions about pet ownership for children with eczema.
