How does the progression from habitual substance use lead to a Substance Use Disorder?
In today's world, substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a significant concern, often shrouded in stigma that prevents many from seeking help. This article aims to provide a clear and straightforward guide to understanding SUDs, their signs, diagnosis, and treatment.
Firstly, it's important to note that not every substance user will develop an addiction. However, certain signs may indicate a developing problem. For instance, noticing a stronger tolerance or withdrawal symptoms when using a substance could be a red flag. Similarly, ignoring friends and family to spend time with "drinking buddies," hiding substance use, or downplaying its effects are also signs that should not be ignored.
If you find yourself using substances more often than intended or for longer periods, or if your use is causing problems in your personal or professional life, it might be a cause for concern. Social dysfunction, such as missing work, neglecting responsibilities, or feeling out of control due to substance use, is a critical indicator of a SUD.
The diagnosis of a SUD is made through an interview with a trained professional, such as a licensed psychologist or psychiatrist, who will assess the individual's use through a series of questions. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is a standard used by mental health professionals to diagnose a wide range of severe mental and psychological conditions, including SUDs. According to the DSM-5, a SUD is diagnosed when an individual meets the diagnostic criteria for disordered substance use according to the clinical cut-offs.
Alcoholics Anonymous refers to the concept of social dysfunction as "unmanageability." If you find that your substance use is causing unmanageability in your life, it may be time to seek help. Speaking to a certified substance abuse counselor is a helpful step if you are worried about your substance use or someone you care about.
Treatment for SUDs varies, but there are effective options available. For example, Bill Arbuckle, who has personal experience with addiction and substance use, specializes in treating addiction and trauma using accelerated experiential dynamic psychotherapy (AEDP) and eye-movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). He is the founder and clinical director of Hard Road Counseling in Vancouver, British Columbia. Another well-known organisation in this field is the Portland Hotel Society, an addiction treatment clinic led by Bill Arbuckle in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Remember, seeking help for a SUD is not a sign of weakness, but a step towards recovery. If you or someone you know is struggling with substance use, don't hesitate to reach out for help. Recovery is possible, and there are resources available to support you on your journey.
