Seasonal Depression Explained: Insight into Seasonal Affective Disorder
Monsoon Season in India Can Lead to Seasonal Affective Disorder
The monsoon season in India, known for its heavy rainfall and limited sunlight, can lead to the development of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a form of depression associated with seasonal changes.
SAD is a mood disorder that occurs at specific times of the year, often during winter due to decreased sunlight, but can also occur during the monsoon season. This condition affects individuals in the northern and northeastern regions of India, as well as those with a history of depression, women, and those with limited exposure to sunlight during the monsoon season.
The lack of sunlight during the monsoons disrupts the body's circadian rhythm, leading to decreased production of mood-regulating hormones such as serotonin and melatonin. This hormonal imbalance can result in depression, tiredness, inability to concentrate, disturbed sleep, and changes in appetite, especially cravings for carbohydrates. Symptoms of SAD also include feeling persistently low or hopeless, difficulty waking up or sleeping more than usual, reduced interest in activities once enjoyed, fatigue and difficulty concentrating, withdrawing from social interaction, and heightened anxiety/irritability.
Individuals more prone to SAD include those with a personal or family history of depression, bipolar disorder, or other mood disorders, as well as those with a history of anxiety. Young adults seem to be more at risk compared to the elderly.
Niti Sapru, Consultant Psychiatrist at Holy Family Hospital, Mumbai, shares her insights on understanding seasonal affective disorder. According to Dr. Sapru, emotional awareness and maintaining a structured daily routine may help buffer the psychological impacts of season change.
Treatment for SAD includes lifestyle changes such as sticking to a fixed sleeping time, light physical activity indoors, increased exposure to natural light, and a healthy diet full of fresh fruits and vegetables. In moderate to severe cases of SAD, an evaluation by a Psychiatrist, and the use of serotonergic antidepressants along with psychotherapy like CBT is advocated.
It's important to note that Monsoon SAD is often under-recognized. SAD or Monsoon blues often signal the presence of mood disorders and should not be brushed off lightly. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of SAD, it's crucial to seek professional help.
Light therapy produces positive results in the treatment of SAD, even during the monsoon months. This form of therapy involves exposure to artificial light sources designed to mimic natural sunlight, helping to regulate the body's circadian rhythm and boost the production of mood-regulating hormones.
In conclusion, the monsoon season in India can lead to the development of Seasonal Affective Disorder. By being aware of the symptoms and taking steps to manage the condition, it's possible to maintain good mental health during this season.
