The secret to endless chemical processes lies in the use of powerful acids.
In a groundbreaking scientific breakthrough, researchers at TU Berlin and the University of Heidelberg have developed a new class of silicon-based superacids. These powerful compounds have the ability to break down "forever chemicals," or Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), offering potential for recycling processes.
PFAS are not perceptible to humans through smell or taste, but they are highly problematic. These chemicals, which remain in the environment for decades and cannot be broken down by sunlight, water, or biological processes, are considered "forever chemicals" due to their persistence. They are known to cause cancer, impair fertility, or weaken the immune system.
The unique structure of the new superacids makes them an aggressive attacker on the stable carbon-fluorine bonds in PFAS. The close cooperation between synthetic chemistry and theoretical modeling played a significant role in the development of the superacids. Martin Kaupp, head of the Chair of Quantum Chemistry at TU Berlin, provided quantum mechanical calculations that predicted the acid strength of the molecules for the first time, which was crucial for the breakthrough.
The newly developed superacids behave like real catalysts, as they are consumed but can also be recovered. This regenerative ability means that presumably no large amounts of counter-substances will have to be produced and used for the disposal of PFAS. The superacids change when they take up electrons during the cleavage of PFAS bonds but are likely to regain their original potential in the further course of the reaction.
Small amounts of the superacids could potentially be sufficient to neutralize large concentrations of PFAS pollutants. Researchers at TU Berlin achieved this scientific breakthrough in 2021, implementing these silicon-halogen superacid compounds through protolysis. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to experimentally confirm the results of the superacids, further confirming their potential.
Meanwhile, researchers at the University of Heidelberg have also been working on similar silicon-based superacids. Their development could potentially enable recycling processes for PFAS, providing a sustainable solution to the global issue of PFAS pollution.
This development is a significant step forward in the battle against PFAS pollution. With further research and development, these superacids could revolutionize the way we deal with these persistent chemicals, offering hope for a cleaner and safer future.
