Uncovering diabetes-related insights via zebrafish observation
In the heart of the Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) at TU Dresden, a pioneering scientific research group, led by Prof. Nikolay Ninov, is delving into the intricate mechanisms of pancreas development and regeneration. Their primary focus is on understanding how beta cells form and function, with a particular interest in diabetes and metabolic disorders.
The team's latest investigation revolves around a unique group of beta cells, known as First Responder cells. These cells have been found to be more sensitive and responsive to blood sugar levels than other cells. The research is exploring the role of First Responder cells in the regulation of beta cell activity.
One of the key findings so far is that First Responder cells produce a crucial enzyme that converts the inactive form of vitamin B6 from food into its active form for cells. This conversion is vital for maintaining the proper functioning of beta cells. It is a possibility that these cells provide active vitamin B6 to other beta cells to regulate their activity.
The research team is employing optogenetics, a light-based technology, to study individual beta cells in isolation. This cutting-edge approach allows them to observe the behaviour of these cells in detail, providing valuable insights into their role in diabetes and metabolic disorders.
To better understand the human pancreas, the team is using the zebrafish, a small tropical fish with a pancreas that functions similarly to that of humans. This aquatic organism offers a unique model for studying the pancreas and its associated disorders.
This investigation could lead to new insights into the development of diabetes and ultimately new treatment methods. The research could potentially unveil the role of First Responder cells as a "control center for the regulation of the activity of the remaining beta cells."
The international research team's work continues at the CRTD, a part of TU Dresden, as they strive to understand the sensitivity of beta cells, particularly the First Responder cells, and their connection with low vitamin B6 levels and the occurrence of metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes.
